The Secret Bombing of Cambodia Pdf Reading

Liberty of Information Act Electronic Reading Room

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The Nixon Drove

Nixon and the People's Republic of China: CIA'due south Support of the Historic 1972 Presidential Trip

This collection marks the 50th anniversary ofPresident Richard One thousand. Nixon's Feb 1972 trip to the People's Republic of Communist china (PRC) – a landmark event that preceded the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries. This small collection, consisting of three metropolis guides, an atlas, and four leadership profiles, i southward a subset of the materials CIA produced for President Nixon and National Security Adv isor Henry Kissinger in grooming for the vii-day visit.

City guides were produced on Peking (Beijing), Shanghai, and Hang-Chou (Hangzhou) ¹ , as these cities were part of President Nixon'southward bout of the PRC. Each guide included a brief history of the city, contemporary maps and photographs, and descriptions of geography, climates, and points of interest.

CIA also produced an 82-folio atlas of the PRC for President Nixon'south trip. The U.s. authorities distributed more than 4,000 copies to regime customers and non-government institutions and libraries, and sold 30,000 copies to the public for a short catamenia afterward the trip for $5.25, or $35.19 in today's dollars. This is the first time in l years CIA has fabricated the atlas available to the public.

This collection also includes leadership profiles—assessments that CIA provides United states Presidents and other policymakers to assist them in understanding their foreign counterparts. The profiles in this collection include Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Chairman Mao Tse-tung (Mao Zedong) and Premier Chou En-lai (Zhou Enlai). A profile of Lin Piao (Lin Biao), Vice Chair of the CCP, prepared for this trip is as well included in this collection; withal, Lin died in a airplane crash five months before President Nixon's visit.

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i CIA did not brainstorm using the non-Romanization spelling of Beijing and Hangzhou until 1979. This commodity provides updated spellings elsewhere in parentheses.

Run into The Nixon Collection (8 documents/331 pages).

Electric current/Central Intelligence Bulletin Collection

Central Intelligence Bulletin

Harry Truman was the first U.South. president to receive a daily intelligence digest. At his direction, the Daily Summary began product in February 1946, and connected until February 1951. President Truman was pleased with the product, only a survey group commissioned by the National Security Quango in 1949 was critical of the Daily Summary and issued several recommendations to ameliorate it. The new version, called the Current Intelligence Bulletin, began production on 28 Feb 1951, and this remained the format of the president'south daily digest through Dwight Eisenhower'south two terms, although information technology was retitled the Central Intelligence Bulletin in 1958. The Electric current/Central Intelligence Bulletin grew longer than its predecessor over time with the improver of more items and more assay, and would somewhen contain more than graphics every bit printing technology improved.

2 Jan-30 June 1961

The new Kennedy Assistants confronted a full assortment of international issues in 1961. In April, a group of CIA-trained Cuban exiles landed at the Bay of Pigs on the southern coast of Cuba with the goal of overthrowing the Fidel Castro government and establishing an anti-Communist government. The outnumbered invading force was quickly repelled by Castro'due south troops. The twelvemonth's reports were dominated by the worsening Congo crisis, with the fragmentation of the country widening despite the efforts of the United Nations, and US business concern over the loftier tempo of Soviet testing of infinite vehicles and intercontinental ballistic missiles. The situation in Laos deteriorated, as the Communist Pathet Lao insurgency gained strength confronting the United states of america-backed Majestic Lao government.

The changes at the CIA following the Bay of Pigs included a format update for the president's daily intelligence report. The new version, called the President's Intelligence Checklist (PICL), was beginning delivered on 17 June 1961. The Fundamental Intelligence Message continued to be produced equally a separate publication until x Jan 1974, when it was replaced by the National Intelligence Daily. The PICL, withal, was the president'south main written intelligence source through the rest of the Kennedy Assistants. The Kennedy PICL reports are available here

This historical release includes: the Fundamental Intelligence Bulletin reports from 2 January-30 June 1961 (2752 pages).

This release is the thirteenth and final release in the Current/Central Intelligence Message serial.

Meet the Current/Key Intelligence Bulletin Collection

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Aquiline

aquiline adj. of or like the hawkeye.

Aerial intelligence collection platforms have played a critical role in US national security from the earliest beginnings of aviation. CIA's 1960s OXCART Programme and its apply of U-2s are examples of collection innovations that take kept US leaders informed nearly adversaries' capabilities and intentions. Despite their success, however, use of these platforms carried significant risks and repercussions, including detection and even airplane pilot loss, such as the downing of the U-ii flown past Francis Gary Powers in 1960. Ever-evolving research by the CIA led to the development concept of unmanned aeriform vehicles (UAVs) every bit collection platforms. An innovative Agency plan in the 1960s codenamed Aquiline was the very starting time to exam this concept. Based initially on the study of flight characteristics of birds, Aquiline was envisioned equally a long-range vehicle that could safely and stealthily provide a window into denied areas such as the Soviet Union through photography and other capabilities, and would even support in-place agent operations. While it never became operational, the concept proved invaluable every bit a forerunner to today'south multi-capability UAVs.

Acquire more than about CIA's early eagle (40 documents/289 pages).

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The Collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe: A xxx-Year Legacy

The Collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe: A 30-Yr Legacy

This collection includes a wide sampling of articles from the National Intelligence Daily—the CIA's main grade of current intelligence assay at the time—from February 1989 to March 1990. These articles represent much of the Bureau's short-term analysis of events unfolding in Central and Eastern Europe as pop opposition to Soviet misrule erupted and quickly surpassed anything the Communist regimes were prepared to understand or to which they could answer. The material as well represents a major source of information and insight for Us policymakers into what was happening in these countries, where the situation was heading, and how a collapse of Communist rule in Europe and the ancestry of the breakup of the Soviet Union would impact Europe and the United states of america.

Please note: Some of the material is marked "NR" or "not relevant." This means that cloth is unrelated to events in Cardinal and Eastern Europe, and was therefore not reviewed for declassification equally part of this collection.

Learn more about the plummet of Communist rule in Europe (105 documents/151 pages)

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Source: https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/home

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